Appendix B – Glossary
- attachment
- an accessory attached or designed to be attached to a machine
- aggregates
- broad category of coarse particulate material used in construction, including sand, gravel, crushed stone, slag, recycled concrete and geosynthetic aggregates
- bedding
- material placed under and around pipe for support and protection
- chuck blades
- blade attachment on the end of an excavator boom
- cycle time
- time it takes to accomplish a task such as moving bucket out of a ditch and back again
- falling objects protective structure (FOPS)
- heavy duty structure for protection of the machine operator from falling objects. Usually has four posts and a strong roof
- floatation mats
- device, usually made of wood, used to help machinery travel over soft ground
- hoppers
- storage bin or a funnel that is loaded from the top, and discharges through a door or chute in the bottom
- lifts
- materials placed in layers
- locate sheet
- document from utility authorities which provides the location of underground utilities such as gas, sewer and electrical
- logbook
- book of documented history of maintenance and inspections done on a piece of equipment
- mass excavation
- large cavity formed by removing material by cutting, digging or scooping
- pile
- small assemblage of material
- proctor test
- test to measure density of compacted soils
- riparian zone
- areas that surround water bodies in the watershed that are composed of moist to saturated soils, water-loving plant species and their associated ecosystems
- roll over protective structure (ROPS)
- roll bar or similar device to help protect the driver in case the machine tips over
- stockpile
- supply of materials such as aggregates, wood or other materials, gathered and held in reserve for use
- swell factors
- increase of bulk in soil or rock when it is dug or blasted
- thumbs
- device on an excavator stick to assist in holding material in bucket such as rocks, wood, brush and stumps
- trench box
- engineered steel or aluminum structures that are used to help protect workers who work inside trenches
- vibratory hammer
- device used to compact soil
- weights
- ballast added to the tractor or implement to improve balance, traction, stability or digging force